ADHD Throughout the Years - 854 Words

Many researchers are finding more valuable discoveries about ADHD. With these new researches will parents raise a concern about their child’s health? Chances are, most parents will ask questions, as well as do research for logic reasoning. Although most parents should consider using treatment like therapy or counseling. These options should be considered first, instead of prescribed medication. Most parents do not want their child to be labeled as â€Å"Special† or â€Å"ADHD†. Why? These labels are used as in relating to a disorder. While, some parents would self-blame themselves, as being bad parents. Researchers have been working on the causes and triggers of this disorder, yet they have not found a cure. The cause for ADHD has no†¦show more content†¦(CDC) Throughout years, data statistics estimated that the percentage of this disorder is higher rated in communities in the United States. In 2007, geographic percentage a high number of children who are diagnosed with ADHD are living in the U.S. Nevada the lowest of 1.2% and North Carolina the highest at 9.4%. (CDC) The disorder has changed over the years, but in early childhood diagnosis, the disorder are found highly when a child enters school, or have been seen by their physician. School districts around the country has a vast number of reports of students that have ADHD. The American Psychiatr ic Association notes that 3%-7% of school aged students struggled in the classroom, due to ADHD. There are websites and blogs that are made public for advertisement in a commercialized form for the readers’ intent. (DSM-IV-TR) Although ADHD cannot be cured, researchers are still studying the pros and cons of the disorder. Medications like; Quillivant Ritalin are labeled drugs to help divert the behavioral child. Medicine such as, Amphetamine is a stimulant. Methylphenidate (Ritalin), is commonly used to treat ADHD disorder. Studies are always changing to inform readers. Many side effects from the medication will always be the challenge for most that are diagnosed with the disorder. Although with the side effects, theShow MoreRelatedAttention Deficit / Hyperactive Disorder1071 Words   |  5 Pages Attention-Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder, ADHD, has become a topic of debate amongst psychologist, and doctors throughout the years. Withstanding its questionable beginnings and maintaining its place in the DSM-V, ADHD has become one of the most commonly diagnosed disorders in children today. ADHD is believed to have first been mentioned as a disorder in children during the early 1900’s. It had been described as an â€Å"abnormal defect of moral control†, a problem with the child’s ability to controlRead MoreAttention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd ) Essay1520 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services throughout recent years the number of diagnosed cases of childhood ADHD has continued to increase from 7.8 % in 2003, to 9.5% in 2007, 11% in 2011 (US CDC Statistics, 2016) It is estimated now that there are nearly 7 million children throughout The United States of America that have been diagnosed with this disorder. This is a number that has grown rapidly over recent years due in part to the growing research and understanding of the conditionRead MoreThe Centers Of Disease Control And Prevention856 Words   |  4 Pagesareas of health and safety. The CDC has been at the forefront in numerous areas of medical research and has now taking on the role of providing information about Attention Deficit Hyper Activity Disorder commonly known as ADHD. There are a variety of neurodevelopment disorders, and ADHD is considered to be the most common even though it was first documented in 1902. The CDC website has provided information that effectively utilizes the three rhetorical appeals of ethos, pathos, and logos to inform andRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd ) Essay1522 Words   |  7 Pagesdeficit hyperactivity disorder is on the rise. ADHD is classified as a neurological disorder that develops during childhood and can persist into adulthood. There has been conflicted arguments among Doctors, Scientist, Teachers and parents on the topic of ADHD. ADHD is starting to become one of the most diagnosed disorders among children. It is also said that over the past several years adult ADHD is more common. However, some children may not go on to have ADHD or the symptoms m ay change across the lifespanRead MoreTeaching Students with Adhd1433 Words   |  6 PagesTeaching Students with ADHD J. Palmer Capella University Abstract In recent history, the number of students diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder has grown tremendously; causing teachers to face new challenges on how to instruct students with behavioral and learning difficulties. Students with ADHD have not only the privilege, but also the right to learn according to the Public Law 94-142 and the Americans with Disabilities Act. There is growing debate about methods that areRead MoreAdhd And Its Effects On Children Essay1283 Words   |  6 Pageschildren took any prescription medication related to ADD, ADHD, or hyperactivity. There was an analysis investigating whether and to what extent minority children diagnosed with ADHD were taking medication for the disorder. I one particular study participants were asked to answer the questions with a â€Å"yes† or â€Å"no† response. According to the data parents answered that 650 of 780 children with an ADHD diagnosis use prescription medication for ADHD (Morgan, Staff, Hil lemeier, Farkas, Maczuga, 2013). ResultsRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )948 Words   |  4 Pagesof the celebrities have Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. ADHD is a mental disorder which affects millions of people from all ages. It affects the brain and typically includes attention difficulty, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness. Typically beginning in childhood, ADHD can last a lifetime. Notably, boys are more than twice as likely to be diagnosed with ADHD than girls. Unfortunately, there is no cure for the disorder. ADHD contributes to difficulty at school or work, problems with relationshipsRead MoreCritical Reasoning Paper : The Article By Brendan L. Smith908 Words   |  4 PagesBrendan L. Smith gives insight about a generation of adults who were diagnosed with ADHD in their childhood and how finding treatment later on in life has been beneficial to their stressful life. People with ADHD may have trouble paying attention,controlling impulsive behaviors , or be overactive.Throughout the article the main point is that adults who were unable to receive medication throughout the years because ADHD was something that many people either didn t know about or was misinformed aboutRead MoreRhetorical Analysis : Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )912 Words   |  4 PagesAttention-Deficit/Hypera ctivity Disorder (ADHD) is a serious neurodevelopment disorder that has affected an innumerable number of children and adults in the United States (Centers for disease Control and Prevention, 2013). It is one of the most common disorders that can cause difficulty at school and home and can also remain into adulthood. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)publishes a web page on ADHD to inform and persuade the public that ADHD is a condition that they should be concernedRead MoreResearch Papers On Adhd1645 Words   |  7 PagesDeficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Out of that eleven percent, approximately six present is actually taking medication, meaning about one out of every five children diagnosed are not taking any medication or receiving any mental health counseling. It is not one single test to diagnose ADHD in children and adults, nevertheless ADHD is diagnosed after a person has shown some or all ADHD symptoms regularly for no less than six months. Nearly 10 million adults have ADHD, yet countless adults are not

The Legacy Of Constantine The Great - 1471 Words

Introduction Constantine the Great, also known as Saint Constantine, was the Roman Emperor from 306 to 337, right after Diocletian. As the first Roman emperor to call himself a Christian, his actions greatly affected both the history of the Christian Church and the history of the world. However, the question is, were his efforts about benefitting the church or about benefitting himself? It is said that because of his edicts and leadership, he was able to move the church as well as himself into positions of power. In addition, it was his advocacy for the church that put an end to imperial persecutions. This made Constantine not only highly important in world history but in church history as well. Many still argue about the significance of his efforts, but there is enduring gratitude in the collective memory of Christians for the Edict of Milan. Constantine issued the Edict of Milan in 313 during a time when persecution gave way to religious tolerance. By the end of the century, Christianity becam e an official credo and the emperor would enforce its doctrines. This paper will attempt to make a fair and critical study of Constantine in his relation to Christianity. Often called the First Roman Emperor labeled a Christian, Constantine the Great is one of the most important figures in history because of his advocacy for the church, the unification of the Roman Empire and putting an end to imperial persecutions. Weather it was intentional or not, the decisions and edicts ofShow MoreRelatedThe Battle Of Milvian Bridge1600 Words   |  7 Pagesthe throne. Eventually, only two Roman generals, Constantine and Maxentius respectively, were left fighting for the throne at Milvian Bridge. But the day before Constantine was due to fight Maxentius, Constantine claimed that after looking up at the sky and praying for anyone in the heavens to help him, he saw a huge flaming cross in the heavens, with a message inside the cross saying â€Å"In this sign, you will conquer†. And accord ing to Constantine, while he was asleep, Jesus Christ visited him, explainingRead MoreConstantine the Great1359 Words   |  6 PagesConstantine the Great Constantine the Great, first Christian Emperor, originator of Constantinople, creator of the Byzantine Empire, military conqueror, and honored saint, has been labeled by many the most instrumental emperor of the Roman Empire. Constantine played a crucial role in the development of Europe during the Middle Ages, and founded Christianity as the formal religion of the Roman Empire. His dynamic yet effective predominance laid the infrastructure of European development. FromRead MoreAlexander The Great Of The Classical Greek Culture Essay1742 Words   |  7 Pagesver seen before. Alexander the Great symbolized that same dichotomy in what he believed, how he dressed and spoke, and how he approached life. He had no idea that he would create a new culture. Alexander spoke Greek but did not act Greek in every way of his life. He did not live modestly like the classical Greek culture required. Instead of dressing simply and with austerity, Alexander wore elaborate Asian-styled clothing and he likely enjoyed Epicurean pleasures. Although leading military campaignsRead MoreA Short Note On The Arch Of Constantine887 Words   |  4 PagesArch of Constantine Constantine’s the Great was one of the strongest and most important rulers in late Roman Empire and the founder of the Byzantine Empire. His legacy is known for his bold changes and accomplishments in uniting the empire making it become more powerful once again and his outlawing of paganism, and curbing Christians from persecutions. The Arch of Constantine was erected between 312 and 315 AD., in Rome adjacent to the Coliseum to commemorate Constantine’s triumphRead MoreThe Rule Of The Empire Essay1249 Words   |  5 Pagesdominion to be persecuted in order to keep the status quo of the empire. Walking the line between acceptance and persecution, Emperor Constantine of Rome attempted to use persuasion in order to coax people to convert to Christianity. No matter the efforts used, the conversion methods that those rulers used, the conversion methods that those rulers undertook had a great effect on the populace that they controlled. The effects that this religious indoctrination had, however, is determined entirely byRead MoreThe Great Leaders Of Pericles And Constantine1516 Words   |  7 PagesHe stares in awe at the sign, then begins to think about it. This all happened a long time ago. Today, the two people mentioned are remembered as two great leaders that lived before, in the ancient world. Thr oughout history, they changed the lives of many, and affected many others during their rule. Pericles and Constantine were examples of great leaders in the ancient world. Under their rule, changes were made. Both led armies into battles against others. However, they both had a different styleRead MoreRomes Legacy of Gladiators Essay900 Words   |  4 PagesGladiators Rome had many great things, especially within their love of brutality. Many of the Roman people enjoyed to take a break from their hard, ancient, lives and watch some grown men battle people, lions, tigers, and bears to the death (oh my!). Gladiators were a huge part of the Roman society and a large part of Roman culture. The people of Rome loved gladiator battles. The Roman coliseum was built in order to fit the standards of a bloody, brutal battle while also being able to keep thousandsRead MoreEssay on A Very Brief History of the Papacy1499 Words   |  6 Pagespractical arts within the education system. St. Leo I (The Great) Leo the Great and Pope Gregory were the only two Popes to be called â€Å"the Great†. Leo courageously confronted Attila the Hun and neutralized other barbaric invaders. St. Leo the Great was pope during the middle of the 5th century. This was very troubling times for the Roman Empire. The barbarian armies were trying to destroy the once mighty empire. St. Leo the Great was a very powerful teacher and leader. As a deacon of theRead MoreRome and Its Lasting Impression on the World1538 Words   |  7 Pagesthe other as the empire. However, after its fall in 5oo-a.d. Rome has still remained in existence through its strong culture, architecture, literature, and even religion (Spielvogel 175). Even after its disappearance as a nation Rome left behind a legacy that will never be forgotten. Its ideals and traditions have been immolated, and adopted for over two thousand years. Whether, it is through its language of Latin, its influence of religion, or its amazing archite ctural ability Rome has influencedRead MoreConstantine the Great Constantine the Great, military victor, glorified saint, equal to the1900 Words   |  8 PagesConstantine the Great Constantine the Great, military victor, glorified saint, equal to the Apostles, first Christian Emperor, builder of Constantinople, and founder of the Byzantine Empire, has been called by many the most influential emperor of Late Antiquity. Constantine played a crucial role in the development of Europe during the Middle Ages, and established Christianity as the official religion of the Roman Empire. His dynamic yet effective predominance laid the foundations of post classical

Donating Blood Free Essays

Imagine that your father had just suffered a heart attack, and has to go through open-heart surgery in order to repair the damage that happened to his heart. Imagine your little nephew or niece was born with a rare heart defect and had to have a daily transfusion of blood in order to have a chance to wake up the next day. Imagine that your best friend went to the doctor and had just been diagnosed with leukemia, a disease requiring regular platelet transfusions. We will write a custom essay sample on Donating Blood or any similar topic only for you Order Now These aren’t very nice things to imagine about, are they? It is very sad and unfortunate, but these things happen all the time, you or someone you know may have experienced something like that already. People experience something like this every day. Most people would probably just expect that the hospital would have enough types of blood to give to the people who need it so that they can get better. But that is not the case. In these sad cases most people would feel or want to do anything that they can to help. There is one way everyone can help and that is by donating blood. Red blood cells, platelets, and plasma are some of the things people can donate and they are also very important to a person who needs them. These can help the person return to good health. Some of the types of people who would need a blood transfusion are patients that have gone through surgery, burn victims, accident victims, anemics, hemophiliacs, babies that are very sick, and people suffering from leukemia, cancer, kidney disease, and liver disease. Some really interesting facts about the blood donations and the need for blood is that about every three seconds there is someone in the world who needs blood. That’s more than forty thousand people who need blood every day. The demand for blood is constantly rising and sometimes a certain type of blood can be in short supply which can put lots of peoples lives in danger. Even if you just donate once, that will be enough to save several people. I myself have gone to a blood donation clinic, but unfortunately I couldn’t donate any blood because my temperature was too high, but I won’t let that discourage me from re-scheduling another appointment at the American Red Cross blood. The set up that they had there was not what I had expected it to be. There have been a few blood drives at my school but I never donated blood. American red cross came about two times each school year around the middle of every semester. Everything was set up inside the gym with around a couple dozen of beds, where they make you lie down while they take your blood, spread around the basketball court. Sometimes they even brought the little camping trailers where you can go inside of it and they’ll take your blood. The day before I had made my appointment online at 4:00 PM to donate platelets. When I walked in the American Red Cross clinic I thought it was going to be much bigger like the ones that were at my school gym but instead there were only about a dozen beds in a little area to the left of the entrance. I Started walking towards the area where everyone was donating at, but then I was stopped. A short Latino man with black hair around his forties came up to me and asked â€Å"Can I help you? †. Since it was my first time going somewhere to donate blood, I didn’t know what to do. I thought that since I made an appointment at four that I would just be able to walk in, confirm that I was the one that had made the appointment, lie down on the bed, and they will take my blood, but I was gravely mistaken. As I was just standing there not knowing what to do I said to the man â€Å"Ummm yeah. I made an appointment online to donate platelets. † He asked me if I had a donors card and i replied no. Then after explaining to him that i have never given blood before so this was all new to me, he gave me a look like he finally understood why I was so clueless. Now that we were finally on the same page, the man asked for my drivers license so that I could prove I am who I say I am. When i gave him my drivers license he went somewhere to another room. While he went to go do his thing, I was instructed to sit down and read a binder that looked at least 6 inches thick. I grabbed the binder from the table and just sat there looking at the front cover thinking to myself â€Å"They expect me to read everything thats in this huge binder? †. But when I opened it up, I was relieved to see only a few pages. As I finished reading about donating blood and the requirements, the man came back with my drivers license attached to a folder with a paper clip. I was asked if I was ready and I said yes. I was taken to this really small square room that almost made me feel closterfobic and then I was told to sit down. I took a seat and then he also sat down in a small desk in the corner of the room next to me. I was asked a few questions like my social security number, where I lived, do I have any diseases, my age, a whole bunch of questions. It felt like I was being interrogated. As he finally got done asking me all those questions, he told me that he needed to poke a little needle in my finger and get a small blood sample. As I was sitting there with my finger sticking out I saw him grab what looked like a small clicking pen. Then he started to put the end on the top of my finger. Suddenly he just clicked the pen, and I felt a little poke and my finger started bleeding. He wiped my finger with a small cotton ball and then grabbed a little square piece of glass and put in on my finger to get a small blood sample. After he told me I had enough iron in my blood to donate, now he had to take my temperature. I had to put a thermometer under my tongue for a few seconds until he grabbed it. One of the requirements for donating blood is you cannot donate if your temperature is over 99. 5 F. When my temperature was taken I was only 2 percent away from meeting the requirements, which means my temperature was 99. 7 F. I was told I couldn’t donate which made me a little disappointed. I told him I would reschedule again some other time. In my one day that I went to the American red cross building I learned a lot of new things and how I can help save peoples lives. I will definitely be making another appointment soon and ill keep making an appointment as much as I can. How to cite Donating Blood, Papers

Sustainability Issues of Urban Development-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Sustainability Issues of Urban Development and Metro Strategy in the Sydney with Baulkham hills of New South Wales as an example. Answer: Introduction Urban Development and Metro Strategy in Sydney and Baulkham hills New South Wales can create opportunities of employment, higher education and involves strategic planning for development of several projects. However, the urban development and Metro strategy in Sydney and Baulkham hills faces several issues related to sustainability which can be analyzed from various perspectives like ecological, economic and sociological. New South Wales has a suburban place called the Baulkham hills. The area comprises of The Hills shire and the government area. The Baulkham hills witnessed urban development from the year 1960. The hill area was originally inhibited by the Bidjigal people of the suburban area who were from Aboriginal community. The hill area can be accessed by roads and Seven Hills Road, Old Northern Road and Windsor road at the junction of the Baulkham hills. The easiest way to travel from Sydney to Baulkham hills with exit at Windsor Road is via M2 Hills Motorway. The eminent cent ers of business and commerce near to Baulkham hills are Paramatta, Castle Hill and Syndey CBD. The Hillsbus bus company provides access to these commercial areas from Baulkham hills. Urban Development and metro strategy should be implemented in Baulkham hills of New South Wales because the price of residential property always surges and local Australians find it difficult to buy properties in proper cities. The urban development in Baulkham hills will equip the area with modern facilities and amenities which can be matched to the standards of cities. The Metro strategy in this place can empower the inhabitants of the Baulkham hills by providing them better quality of life so that they can have better connectivity with the city. The inhabitants of the place should have better access to cities for education, travelling to universities and offices. Baulkham hills are is a part of the economic corridor of Sydney and metr Literature review There are several issues that can be identified in the urban development process in Sydney and Baulkham hills of the New South Wales. The Metro Strategy and urban development in the Sydney and Baulkham hills are often not in alignment with sustainability challenges. Urban sustainability can be achieved with collaboration of the private and public sector who can work together to ensure that the urban development process and Metro strategy in Sydney and Baulkham hills of New South Wales achieves urban sustainability. The urban development and Metro strategy in Baulkham hills of NSW create opportunities for better education, creates thousands of job opportunities for the inhabitants of the region and the development of the rural areas of Baulkham hills of NSW provides better quality of life to the community and inhabitants of the region(Pearce, Barbier and Markandya 2013). However, there are issues like there has been higher environmental footprint in Sydney and Baulkham hills of NSW du e to the urban development and the Metro Strategy in the region. The urban development process in the region should follow a eco-centric perspective and human and nature should co-exist peacefully in Sydney and Baulkham hills to solve the issues related to environment and sustainability. The resources used in the urban development process needs to be renewable resources. There are several issues like reducing carbon footprint to tackle the problem of global warming, protecting the ecological system and the environment of the region, waste management and waste recycling, reducing health-related risk of the residents and community by minimizing their exposure to harmful chemicals which should be addressed by the government during the urbanization and Metro Strategy of NSW (Fakhimi 2016). Trends The issues of urban development and Metro Strategy in Sydney can be evaluated from a number of perspectives like ecological, economic and sociological issues. The identification of the issues is as follows Economic issues: The ageing demographics in the Sydney and Baulkham hills of NSW pose serious threat to the economical sustainability. This aging population are about to retire from work and there is not enough replacement of young population in the workforce in Sydney and Baulkham hills of New South Wales which will increase the dependency rate. The ageing population will cause a reduction of the urban Gross Domestic Product and there will be a pressure on the health, infrastructure and housing systems of the region. The ageing population poses several risks like the decline of the economy, degradation of the environment and costs of infrastructure. There has been utilization of public areas in Sydney and Baulkham hills of NSW for development of roads so that private automobiles can travel comfortably. This process of urbanization has enabled the residents of Sydney and Baulkham hills to live far from their job location or educational centers,however the dependency on private cars and reluctance of the residents to use public transport has resulted in a rising price of gas and oil and has affected the economic activity of Sydney and NSW. There is increasing demand for spacious houses in Sydney and the Urban development and Metro strategy should plan for developing compact cities with pedestrian areas, parks and community centers. The price of property sores up in the region and has affected the affordability of the residents to purchase homes for living. The urbanization and metro strategy has resulted in immigration from different countries and investors from foreign countries like China has invested in the property market of Sydney and NSW resulting in the economic constraints for the local residents to purchase properties (Hobson 2003). Ecological and Sociological issues There have been several sociological concerns in the Sydney and Baulkham hills of New South Wales. The health and well being of the residents of the Baulkham hills should be taken care of by improving the transportation system and enhancing the connectivity with the city. There should be job opportunities near home in the Baulkham hills area. Urbanization and metro strategy in Sydney has led to development of expensive residential complex, better amenities for the multinational companies to set up their offices and Universities which provide world-class education. However people of the community of Baulkham hills of NSW may have to travel long distances for accessing the facility of education in school, colleges and especially for higher education. Though there are development of industries in the Baulkham hills and the region of the hills are connected with the economic corridor of Sydney, still inhabitants of the region should have better accessibility to employment and education n ear their homes as it is tough for them to afford the expensive residential complex or pay rents for property in Sydney. The urbanization and metro strategy of Baulkham hills of New South Wales should consider sustainability issues like incorporating knowledge about sustainability to the population of Sydney and Baulkham hills. The issue that is faced by the local community is proper development of infrastructure like development of supporting facility and development of information technology in the region so that a literate community who are aware of the challenges of sustainability is developed. The curriculum of the University and educational institutions of Sydney and Baulkham hills should have subjects and activities that make them aware of the challenges related to sustainability and make them technologically literate so that they can constantly learn and contribute to a sustainable society with innovation and creativity. The other social and ecological that are faced by the residents of Baulkham hills of New South Wales and Sydney are related to their health and lifestyle. Urbanization and Metro strategy has created a sedentary lifestyle for people, residents are dependent on automation and consume excess food which creates health problems for them like diabetes, cancer, respiratory disease and depression. The urbanization has resulted in global warming and emission of greenhouse gases and CFCs in the atmosphere resulting in the depletion of ozone layer. The penetration of the harmful Ultraviolet rays has led to an increase in diseases like skin cancer (Lawrence and McMANUS 2008). Findings The information from secondary sources like websites of the government and research articles have pointed out issues of urban development and metro strategy in Sydney and Baulkham hills which are as follows- 1) Urbanization and metro development has led to high competitive forces. There has been an increase in immigration rates in New South Wales and Sydney and there will be an additional requirement of 760,000 jobs in 2036 as compared to 2006. 2) Urbanization and metro development has led to an increase in demand of property and the price of property in Sydney and New South Wales are surging up due to investment in property from foreign countries like China, rise in immigration rate and low rending rates by banks in the area and thus 77,000 more homes will be required in Sydney in 2036 as compared to 2006. 3) The carbon footprint in the region has increased due to urbanization and metro strategy in the Baulkham hills of New South Wales and Sydney which is an issue of sustainability (Ahmed, Raitu and Anderson 2016). Analysis Forces for Sustainability and Development There are forces for sustainability and development in Sydney and New South Wales which are addressed through education. The curriculum of the Universities makes students aware of the global challenges of sustainability so that students become responsible citizens who have capabilities to handle the challenges and issues of sustainability. Urban and Metro strategy is implemented in the Baulkham hills of New South Wales ensures that a living environment which is sustainable can be provided to the inhabitants of the hills. The government has focused on the development of residential projects, telecommunication systems, electricity and infrastructure in Sydney and Baulkham hills. The Dharug country forms a large part of the council area of Baulkham hills area. Urban development has been a part of this area with the development of Community Center, Castle Hill Library and Rouse Hill Center. The Norwest Business Park and the Castle Hill industrial area are among the major employment lands in the Baulkham hills. There are many global as well as National companies which have chosen Baulkham hills to be a place for their business centers. Some of the notable Companies that have presence in the Baulkham hills area are IBM, Woolsworth and ResMed. There are prominent shopping centers in Castle Hills, Baulkham hills and Winston hi lls. The local government of the Baulkham hills plays a role of paramount importance in the development of innovation and skills among the local people of the Baulkham hills shire. The local government integrates housing markets and employment in the region by involving local labor in the housing projects (Higgins, Milne and Van Gramberg 2015). The local government ensures that economic viability of the community of the Baulkham hills of the New South Wales are taken care of in the urban development and Metro Strategy process. It is ensured by the local government that the health of the community is taken care of during the developmental process. The development of infrastructure can often pose threats to the health of the local community which is avoided by the government. There is a strong sense of community in the neighborhood of the Baulkham hills which attracts new residents to the area. There are small and medium sized business owned by families of the Baulkham hills. There is a strong cohesion and sense of commitment among the community of the Baulkham hills which can be attractive for new residents. The infrastructure for telecommunications and radio communications in the Baulkham hills helps in the achievement of social, economical and environmental sustainability in the region. The development of telecommunication in the region also protects the interests of different stakeholders like community, local, industry and governments. The infrastructure for telecommunication is designed well and concealed cables for telecommunication are designed whenever it is suitable. The telecommunication infrastructure makes minimal use of the land where there are facilities for education. Lands which are visited by children and where there are people with health complications like facilities for aged care and hospitals. The telecommunication infrastructure plans to minimize the exposure of electromagnetic radiation among the public and local communities of the Baulkham hills. The community of the Baulkham hills is well informed about the developments and projects undertaken by the government f or the development of telecommunication infrastructure and they are involved in participative decision making of policies and programs. The telecommunication site is restored after any infrastructure is removed and infrastructure of telecommunication does not block the view of any cultural heritage and notable centers of the Baulkham hills .Adverse effects on environment is minimized while development of the infrastructure. The local government Act of 1993 of the Baulkham hills ensures that development in the area meets the standards of ecological sustainability. Precautions is taken by the local government in the Baulkham hills where development of infrastructure in the region can affect the environment on short, medium and long term or pose serious threats to the ecological environment of the region. Involvement of the community of the board is mandatory throughout the process of Urban Development and Metro Strategy in the Baulkham hills of New South Wales (Galtung 2003). The local government ensures that biodiversity and preservation of flora and fauna in the Baulkham hills is not affected throughout the process of urban development and metro strategy in the Baulkham hills Throughout the process of urban development and metro strategy in the Baulkham hills of the New South Wales, the local government ensures that technology which is efficient in energy is used. The designs and materials that are used in the urban development and metro strategy of the Baulkham hills are also efficient in energy. The government ensures efficient energy management process in the urban development of Baulkham hills and renewable energy and materials are utilized effectively during the process. The forces for sustainability and development can be noticed in the waste management process in the urban development and metro strategy in the Baulkham hills of New South Wales. The principles of the hierarchy of the waste management are implemented in the Baulkham hills of NSW. The recovery of waste and disposal system in the Baulkham hills follows the process of reducing, reusing and recycling of wastes throughout the process of urban development and metro strategy. The solid waste management process is effective in the Baulkham hills and it is ensured that transportation costs are reduced while wastes are taken to the land-filing sites. While the land-filling process is carried out, it is ensured that emission of methane gas which has the potential to harm the environment and cause global warming is controlled. The local government in the Baulkham hills of the New South Wales encourages that throughout the development process in the region of the hills public transport, pedestrian trips and bicycles are used so that energy in the transportation process is efficiently used. In Sydney and New South Wales, urbanization and metro strategy has led to the development of many industries and global companies. It is ensured that accounting practices in the Companies have changed over time and these organizations have started focusing on long term sustainability issues and publish sustainability reports. The business organizations ensure that they focus on people and planet of the Triple Bottom Line rather so that they not only create short term profitability for shareholders but can create value for stakeholders in the long run. Forces against sustainability and development The urbanization and metro strategy in Sydney and New South Wales has led to crisis of housing. This crisis has affected the people with low income and people of the region have moved to coastal areas due to high price of property in the region. There has been lack of education related to investment in residential property among the inhabitants of the Baulkham hills of the New South Wales and Sydney, while the urban development and metro strategy and lower government rates in the region has promoted investment in residential property from the foreign countries like China. Urban policies should address the issue of unevenness between the supply of land and demand for land, urban sprawling which is unsustainable should be stopped and the government should focus on making housing affordable. Homelessness impacts the physical and mental health of inhabitants of the region and this is a sustainability challenge that should be addresses. The urban development and metro strategy should consider the overall health of the young population. The rate of suicide and domestic violence are common and government should address sustainability challenges related to urban development and metro strategy in Baulkham hills of NSW and the Sydney region like promoting protection from sun to avoid skin cancer, controlling eating disorder and enhancing the mental health and welfare of people. Public transport infrastructure is not effectively utilized by the technology and business parks and these business centers are not located on the route of public transport in the Baulkham hills of the New South Wales. Proper identification of the skills of the local population of the Baulkham hills is not done resulting in scarcity of local jobs. The need of employment is a sustainability concern for the inhabitants of the Baulkham hills which should be addressed. Urbanization and Metro strategy in the Baulkham hills have caused an increasing carbon footprint in the region. There are serious threats posed by the infrastructural development to the environment like polluted air and water, increase of gases like carbon dioxide leading to global warming, dependence on cars and non-renewable resources, depletion of ozone layer which are forces against sustainability and should be addressed immediately. While urbanization and infrastructure development is carried out, residents of the Baulkham hills of New South Wales are often exposed to hazardous chemicals which are a force against sustainability and should be addressed. The urban development and metro strategy in the region often fails to preserve the biodiversity in the region which is a sustainability issue that should be addressed (Bell and Morse 2008). The forces against sustainability are that the diverse housing needs of the residents of the Baulkham hills are not addressed. The population of the Baulkham hills of NSW and Sydney comprises of people with disabilities and ageing population and the inability of the government to cater to the needs of this type of population is extremely important. The forces against sustainability in the urban development and Metro Strategy in the Baulkham hills of New South Wales are also the ageing population in the workforce. The government should make more effort to understand the skills of the youth and include them in the workforce. The ageing population is also a part of the dependent population which largely survives on the pension scheme of the government and contributes very less towards the economy of the country. Though the ageing population should be protected as a sustainability measure, however youth should be trained as sustainable citizens (Peterson 2004). Recommendations From the report, it can be concluded that the biggest sustainability challenge in the Sydney, NEW South Wales and Baulkham hills is the increase of interest rates, soaring rise of residential property which leads to threats of sustainability like homelessness among the residents with low income category in the region. The government should plan projects of housing and the lending rated of the bank should be minimized to make residential housing affordable for people. The sustainability challenge faced by the residents of the Baulkham hills is that there is scarcity of local jobs and the residents have to travel long distances for education and employment. This sustainability challenge can be addressed by developing the infrastructure in the region, better transportation facility should be created and the economic corridor and business parks should be well developed in the region so that residents of Baulkham hills do not have to travel to places far away from their home for working. Entrepreneurship should be promoted and skill based jobs should be created in the region. Development of infrastructure like Information Technology can enable people of the Baulkham hills to work from home. The sustainability challenges can be addressed in the Baulkham hills, New South Wales and Sydney by creating a culture of sustainability among people from an early age. The schools and universities play a vital role in addressing the issues of sustainability. The curriculum of the Universities and educational institutions should include subjects and activities related to sustainability. The urban development and metro strategy in the Baulkham hills of New South Wales and Sydney has increased reliability on private cars and thus fuel prices have increased in the region. The government should address this issue by creating facilities for public transport and by making public transportation affordable in Sydney. The cost of gas and fuel can be reduced if government encourages residents to opt for eco-friendly medium of travel like walking and usage of bicycles. The carbon footprint should be reduced and it should be ensured that the government adopts better energy management procedures and makes use of renewable energy throughout the process of urbanization. Reference Lists Ahmed, A.; Raitu, C. and Anderson, B. 2016 Sustainable development : a question of identity [electronic resource]. Emerald Group Publishing Limited. 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